Prevention of Common Cold, Measles, and Pneumonia

Common Cold

THE COLD is the most common infectious disease. It is cause by a virus transmitted through direct contact with an infected person, droplets from sneezing or coughing, and the use of articles contaminated by the virus.

SYMPTOMS

Red,wateryeyes.Sneezing.Fever.Headache.Cough.Running nose

TREATMENT

Stay in bed and have a plenty of rest. Keep comfortably warm and protected from sudden changes in temparature. Eat light foods and take plenty of liquids - water, soup, milk and fruit juices. Cover nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing to avoid spreading the the disease. Blow nose gently. If symptoms persist, see a community health worker or the midwife.

PREVENTION

The community should participate in information dissemination on how to avoid the common cold: Maintain general health as well as possible. Go to bed early and have plenty of rest. Keep feet warm and dry. Avoid people who have the cold. Avoid crowded places. Use your own toilet articles. Stay away from open doors or windows when perspiring. Drainage should work properly so that streets do not flood easily.

Measles

MEASLES is a contagious disease. It is caused by a virus found in discharges from a patient's nose and throat. It is most common among very young children.

Symptoms appear usually about ten days after a child has been exposed to the virus. The first signs are similar to those of the common cold. From this time until rashes disappear. the disease is infectious.

Before rashes break out, spots may appear on the inside of the mouth.Skin rashes appear 3 to 4 days after the appearance of "cold" symptoms. Rashes are red spots that are usually raised. They appear first on the face and neck, then spread to the abdomen, arms and legs. Rashes fade within a week.

SYMPTOMS

Fever. Deep cough.Skin rashes. Running nose.Red, watery eyes

TREATMENT

If symptoms persists, consult a physician. Extra care must be taken during a measles epidemic or breakout in the community. Isolate patient in .a well-ventilated room. Do not let anyone with a cold or cough visit the patient. Keep patient warm in bed. Protect patient's-eyes from strong light.Disinfect discharges from the nose and throat. Keep patient's personal eating utensils, clothing, beddings and other articles separate from the family's things. If vomiting occurs bring the patient to the RHU.

PREVENTION

Avoid direct contact with measles patients. Do not, use articles soiled with secretions/discharges from patient's nose and throat. Involve the community in planning and implementation of immunization against measles of the Rural Health Unit.

Pneumonia

PNEUMONIA is a serious contagious disease of the lungs caused by pneumococcus and other bacteria. It is spread through droplets from a patient's cough or sneeze, direct contact such as kissing, or the use of articles freshly soiled with.discharges from a patient's nose and throat. Untreated cold or influenza may develop into pneumonia.

SYMPTOMS

Headache. Sudden onset of high fever and chills. Stabbing pain in the chest and back. Difficulty of breathing. Cough. Fatigue

TREATMENT

Stay warm in bed. Disinfect all discharges and articles. Call a doctor immediately

PREVENTION

Avoid contact with pneumonia patients. Stay warm in bed when you have a cold. Avoid overcrowded places. Have enough rest, sleep and good nourishing food to build body resistance. Discharges from the nose and mouth should be disposed properly. Use warm clothing during cold weather. Change clothes immediately when wet. Disinfect all articles used by patient. Consult a doctor when a cold persists

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