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Visayan - Cebuano Grammar


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English Cebuano Vocabulary
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"Litok sa mga Tingogang Titik"
Sound of the Vowel Letters

Ang litók sa mga tingogang titik (a, e, i, o, u) mabahin sa duhá ka matang:

Vocal ug Gutturál. The sound of the vowel letters (a, e, i, o, u) changes in two position: Vocal and glottal.

Ang vocal nga litók maó ang nagagikân/tiggikan sa bâbá. The vocal sound is the sound which comes from the mouth. Ang guttural nga litok maó ang nagagikán/tiggikán sa alingagngag.

The glottal sound is the sound which comes from the throat.

Ang vocal nga tingog (ah, eh, ih, oh, uh) gigamit sa tanáng dilŕ sa tiboók kalibutan. Aniay mapananglitang polong-langyaw ug visayâ;

The vowel sounds (ah, eh, ih, oh, uh) are used in all dialect in the world. Here are the examples of foreign words and visayan

english latin words

Hinoon niining gitanding upát ka dilŕ sa dilang visayâ lamang ang tiggamit og guttural nga litók alang sa tingogang "a, i, o" tongod ang toló ka laing dilá way guttural nga tingog alang sa bisan-unsang tingogang-titik. Aniay mapananglitang polong visayâ:

As a matter of fact with these four compared dialect only the visayan dialects uses glottal sound for the vowels "a, i, o" because of these three dialects have no glottal sound even in whatever vowel. Here are examples of visayan word.

visayan words

BOSA sa dilang visayâ diáy 8 ang litók sa 5 ka tingogang-titik tongod kay tagdohá man ang tingog sa "a, i, o" ug tag-usá ang tingog sa "e" ug "u".

SO in the visayan language, there are 8 sounds in the 5 vowel letter, because there is two sounds in "a, i, o" and one sound in "e" and "u". LITOK nga Bondak ug Dibondak. PRONUNCIATION of Accented and Unaccented Words Sama sa ubang dilŕ, ang visayâ adonay paagi pagtinň sa bondak ug dibondak nga litók sa mga tingogang-titik. Aniay mga polong nga tigpalotaw niining dohá ka maposlanon ug kinahanglanong paagi sa panlitók:

Just like any other languages, the visayan has ways to know the accented and the unaccented pronunciation of the vowel letters. Here are some of the useful and important ways on how to pronounced the words:

Vocal Vocal
tobo tobó
pipe interest
pahak pahák 
a little cut get a portion
topi topí
Gutturál Guttural
hair cut fold
poso posô
artesian hanging rice
baga bagâ
fire  thick
bali balî
credit cut

Ang bondak ug dibondak nga litók tigtog-an sa kahologan ug ingon man, sa matang sa polong somalâ sa makitŕ sa itaas nga pananglitan.

The accented and unaccented pronunciation will tell the meaning and kind of the words just like the examples we see above.

BOSA, sanglit ang mga vocal ug guttural nga tingog ug ang bondak ug dibondak nga litók sa mga tingogang-titik tigtinň man sa mga kahologan ug matang sa mga polong, kinahanglan gayňd nga silá mailhan.

SO, since the vocal and guttural sound and the accented and unaccented pronunciation in the vowel letters will tell the meaning and kind of words, so they must be recognized.

Timailhang Kudlit
Diacritical Mark

Aron malitók ug masabót dayon ang mga tingogang-titik dihâ sa ilang guttural nga tingog ug sa ilang igabondak nga litók gikinahanglan ang mga timailhang kodlit sa ibabáw sa maóng mga tingogan. Kining mga kodlita ginganlan sa dilang englis og "diacritical marks" kon "accents".

In order to utter and understand clearly the word to pronounce, the diacritical mark is put on the above of vowel and the word.

Ang dilang visayâ adonay toló ka matang sa timailhang kodlit. In the visayan grammar there are three kinds of diacritical marks.

1) Ang acento agudo, ang hanag sa toó nga kodlit (´) nga ginganlan og "accute accent" sa dilang English, maó ang igapatong sa tingogan nga vocal og tingog nga igabondak paglitók. Pananglitan:

The accute accent (´), a mark which is slanting to the right, must put on the above vowels sound of a word in their glottal voices. Example:

matá / eyes papél / paper lobí / coconut sobó / sad menu / men

2) Ang acento grave, ang handag sa wala nga kodlit (`) nga ginganlang sa dilang English og "grave accent", maó ang igapatong sa tingogan nga guttural og tingog apan dili ibondak paglitók. Pananglitan:

3) Ang acento circumflejo ang kinalň nga kodlit (^) nga ginganlan sa dilang English og "circumflex accent" maň ang igapatong sa tingogan nga guttural og tingog nga ibondak paglitók. Pananglitan:

The circumflex accent, the cap-like mark (^), that put on the above vowels sound in the glottal voice and pronounce heavy. Example: sobâ / river bakî / frog pilô / fold

4) Ang mga tingogan nga way timailhang kodlit maó ang may vocal nga tingog nga dili ibondak paglitók. Pananglitan: The words that doesn't have diacritical marks will pronounce it normally. Example: bohata / do it balili / grasses uniforme / uniform

Litok nga Ininat
Prolonged Pronunciation

Ang dilang visayâ dona'y pipilá ka polong nga ininaton paglitók:
The visayan grammar have several words to prolong:

Hahng : minobô sa "haling" (hot; pungent)
Hahng : shortened/abbreviated word for "haling" (hot)
Lah : paglah (to weave)
Lah : to weave
Bah : pagbah (to carry on ones back)
Bah : to carry on ones back
Ah : takdň sa English "ah"
Ah : ah

Ang GAHIT
The HYPHEN

Ang gahit (-) maó ang ginganlan sa dilang English og "hyphen". Kining kodlita ginagamit alang sa mga silaba ng ibolág paglitók dihâ sa mga polong nga ginganlan sa "linguistic" og "hamza". Daghan ang mga polong "hamza" sa dilang' visayâ.

The hyphen is used to separate the word or words to pronounce.

using hyphen

Ang gahit mao'y gamitonong kodlit pagdogtong sa mga polong nga gipaangkon og laing kahologan ingon sa ubós nga pananglitan:

The hyphen is also used to connect words that have another meaning. Examples:

English sister-in-law by laws in service
English sister-in-law by laws in service

Visayan gamot-polong ama-ama miawit-sayaw
Visayan root-word stepfather song-dance

Ang gahit magamit pod pagpotól og mga solatonong polong nga mangilbit sa margin (marhin) sa papél aron ang sumpay'ng silaba iadto sa sonód nga tudling. Pananglitan:

Another used of the hyphen is to separate the wood in the margin of paper the word that being continued on the next line. Example:

Ang panitik ug pamahináy sa mga silaba kinahanglan iagád sa diccionario nga maó ang tamdanán sa panitik, panlitók ug kahologan sa mga polong.

The dictionary is the references of the meaning-spelling, syllabication and pronunciation of words.

Ang APOSTROFE
The APOSTROPHE

Ang apóstrofe (') mao'y kodlit nga ilis kon ihalili sa usá o dohá ka titik nga giwagtang aron ang dohá ka polong nga nagsonňd mausá na lang paglitók. Sa dilang' English sagŕd igkitŕ kining kodlita dihâ sa ilang minobong "ne'er/ doesn't/ didn't/ haven't/ isn't/ wasn't/ I'm/ he's/we're, etc."

The apostrophe is used when there is one or two letters missing, so that the two words that follows will become one word to utter. In the English grammar this is usually seen or utter like "never/ doesn't/ didn't/ haven't/ isn't/ wasn't/ I'm/ he's/ we're, and the others." Ang dilang' visayâ dona pod niining kagamitan sa apóstrofe. The apostrophe is also used in the visayan grammar.

ako'y : akó ay / uy 
I'm : I am siya'y : siya ay / uy 
he's/she's : he is / she is 
kami'y : kami ay / uy 
we're : we are
kanila'y : kanila ay / uy
they're : they are 
kaninyo'y: kaninyo ay /
you're : you are / were
unsay'y : unsay ay / uy
what's : what is
kinsa'y : kinsa ay / uy
who's : who is 
mao'y : maó ay / uy
that's : that is
ma'y : man ay / uy
there's : there is
wala'y : wala ay / uy
not/nothing : there is no / nothing
dona'y : dona ay / uy
there's : there is
ania'y : ania ay
I've : I have
dinha'y : dinha ay / uy
there's : there is
didto'y : didto ay / uy
here's : there is / was

More Pages
Idioms
Introduction
Plants
Trees
Description
Come, Let Us Count
The Word
Spanish English
Nominative
Causative
The About
The Noun
The Genitive and Dative Pronoun
The Prefix
The Adverb
The Verb
The Impersonal Verb
The Essence of Verb
The Indirect Imperative Verb
The Infinitive Verb
The Indicative Mood in the Active and Passive Verb
The Future Time/Tense
The Past Tense of Prefix
Verb Adjective Noun
Infinitive Mood
The Infix "ka"
The Idiomatic
Root Words of Adverbs
Adverb of Time
Adjective that can be Adverb
Simple Particles
The simple particles "si"
The Voice "a"
The kinds and uses of words
The Subject if Nominative Personal
The Active and Passive Verb
The Infinitives manner of the Situational Verb
The prefix "to b"
The Deponent Verb
Guide for Conjugationt for Active Verb
Tenses of Verb
Sustantive Adverb
The "that/which"
The Statement
The Connecting Conjunction
The Statement of connecting Conjunction
The Article "ay/uy"
The prefix "ka/pagka"
English Tagalog Translation
Tagalog English Vocabulary
Tagalog English Vocabulary "D"
Tagalog English Vocabulary "E"
Tagalog English Vocabulary "G"
Tagalog English Vocabulary "K"
Tagalog English Vocabulary "N"
The Apostrophe
The Voice "E"
The Interrogative Statement
The "What time, etc."
The Articles
Articles
Health and Safety Practices
Greetings/Leavetakings on the Street
Expressing Quantity
Friendly Bantering
English Loan Words In Cebuano
Common Objects in the Home
Additional Information
Philippine National Anthem
Moon Cafe Restaurant
Parts of Human Body
The Five "Wh" Questions: What? Who? Why? Where? When
Refusing an Invitation
Sound of the Vowel Letters
Words And Phrases Which May Be Used in Business
English Tagalog Cebuano Dictionary

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